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24 cm Theodor Bruno Kanone (E)
The 24 cm Theodor Bruno Kanone (E - Eisenbahnlafette (railroad mounting)) was a German railroad gun used during World War II in the Battle of France and on coast-defense duties in Occupied France for the rest of the war. Six were built during the Thirties using fifty-year-old ex-naval guns.
==Design==
As part of the re-armament program initiated by the Nazis after taking power in 1933 the Army High Command ''(Oberkommando des Heeres - OKH)'' ordered Krupp to begin work on new railroad artillery designs, but they would take a long time to develop. Krupp pointed out that it could deliver a number of railroad guns much more quickly using obsolete guns already on hand and modernizing their original World War I mountings for which it still had drawings available. OKH agreed and authorized Krupp in 1936 to begin design of a series of guns between for delivery by 1939 as the Emergency Program (''Sofort-Programm'').〔Gander and Chamberlain, p. 231〕
Six ancient ''24 cm K L/35 C/88'' guns originally used by the Odin class coast defense ship (''Küstenpanzerschiff'') that had equipped ''Batteries S1'' at Sylt and ''Bremen'' at Norderney after those ships were disarmed in 1916 were placed on new mounts beginning in 1937. The gun could traverse only enough on the mount itself for fine corrections (the exact amount is disputed among the sources), coarser adjustments had to be made by turning the entire mount on the Vögele turntable. The turntable (''Drehscheibe'') consisted of a circular track with a pivot mount in the center for a platform on which the railroad gun itself was secured. A ramp was used to raise the railway gun to the level of the platform. The platform had rollers at each end which rested on the circular rail for 360° traverse. It had a capacity of , enough for most of the railroad guns in the German inventory. The gun could only be loaded at 0° elevation and so had to be re-aimed for each shot. All six guns were delivered by 1939.〔François, p. 84〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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